Friction-pawl, and the same in combination with starters for internal-combustion engines and the like.



J. R; WARREN. FRICTION PAWL, AND THE SAME IN'COMBINATION WITH STARTERS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED IULY 28,1913. 1,238,226. Patented Aug. 28, I917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

IW a B a wumtoz moo h n .R VVE We n. m 3% G1 MAJ U11 J. R. WARREN. FRICTION PAWL, AND THE SAME IN COMBINATION WITH STARTERS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES AND THE LIKE;

APPLICATION FILED JULY 28, T913.

1 288,226. Patented Aug. 28, 1917.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

TU la n I? X/Viv v Q I1 14 G1 Mu VI/Q IQLLQJ I J. R. WARREN. FRICTION PAWL, AND'THE SAME IN COMBINATION WITH STARTERS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES AND THE LIKE. APPLICATION FILED IULY 28,1913.

1 238,226. Patented Aug. 28, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

IIIIIIIIIII IIIIv UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIQE.

JOHN R. W'ARREN, OF GEAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN.

FRIGTION-PAWL, AND THE SAME IN COMBINATION WITH STARTERS FOR INTERNAL- COMBUSTION ENGINES AND THE LIKE.

Application filed July 28, 1913.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN R. WVARREN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Grand Rapids, in the county of Kent and State of Michigan, have invented new and useful Improvements in l rictio-n-Pawls, and the Same in Combination with Starters for Interiial Combustion Engines and the like, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to friction pawls, and the same in combination with starters for internal -combustion engines and the like, and its object is to provide a pawl of that character (and the same in such combinations) which shall immediately engage and frictionally hold a relatively movable part against movement in one direction and immediately disengage the same to pern'iit its movement in the opposite direction. This and any other objects appearing hereinafter are attained by, and my invention is prefer ably embodied in, the structures hereinafter described and illustrated by the accompany ing drawings, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal central section of rotatable members, etc, to which my pawl is applied as a holding element;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the same on line CD of Fig. 1 and somewhat reduced;

Fig. 3 is a similar view on line EF of Fig. 1, certain parts being broken away;

Fig. 4 is a similar view on line AB of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a face view of one form of my pawl;

Fig. 6 is an edgewise view of the same;

Fig. 7 is an endwise view of said pawl;

Fig. 8 is a side view of one of the pawls bearing shoes;

Fig. 9 is a view of the bearing side of the same; I

Fig. 10 is a View similar to Fig. 4 but showing a variant construction;

Fig. 11 is a face view of one of my centrifugal friction-clutch members; and

Fig. 12 is an edgewise view of the same.

In the construction shown my pawl is shown as a holding element, and is illustrated as applied to my improved starter for a gasolene engine of common form, as that of an automobile. The shaft 11 carries a gear 12 adapted to mesh with a gear car ried by the crank shaft of such an engine Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 28, 1917.

Serial No. 781,516.

(not shown) and also carries on its radial arms 19, spindles 18 on which turn the intermediate gears 20 having preferably gear teeth arranged in two sets 15 and 1.6 for varying the relative driving and driven speeds.

A disk 21 having an internal gear 17 in mesh with the gear teeth 16 rotates on the shaft 11, and is provided with a concentric rib 22, similar to rib 5 of the other construction and extending in the axial direction from its side. My pawl 23 is securely held by the casing or frame 27, depending (in the construction shown in Fig. i) from its pivotal holding support at 24 on a short link pivotally fastened at 26 to the casing 27.

As in the construction shown in Fig. it, the pivots 24L and 26 are so disposed relatively to each other and to the axis of the shaft 11, that the direction of stress on the pivot 24:, when the pawl is operatively en gaged, is inclined to the are passing through said pivot and centering at said axis. In another form shown in Fig. 10, the holding stress on the upper end of the pawl is given the same direction by the engagement of such pawl with the inner surface of the casing, properly inclined as shown to the ribs rotary direction. The pawl by its lugs 28 and 29 (provided in this construction with the brake shoes 30 and 31) cramps the rib 22 when the impulse is to turn the disk 21 in the direction of clock hands in Figs. 4 and 10, but releases the rib immediately the rotation of the disk is in the opposite direction. AXially alined with the shaft 11 is the shaft 13 of an electric starter of common form (not shown), having a gear 14 meshing with the gear teeth 15, and adapted to rotate through the shaft 11 the c ank shaft of the engine in order to start it. WVhen the motor of the electric starter rotates this shaft 13 oppositely to clock hands, the impulse of the disk to be turned in the opposite direction through the intermediate gears 20 is at once checked by the pawl. The motor now operates through the gears (the disk being thus stationary) to rotate the shaft 11 in the same direction but much more slowly owing to the reducing function of the gears. The engine is thus cranked, or started. The engine, now running, turns the shaft 11 in the same di now n'iultiplying effect of the gears.

rection as its cranking function. This movement, so long as the disk remains stationary, rotates through the gears the shaft l but much faster than the shaft 11 owing to the This movement of the shaft 13 generates elec tricity for the starter by the usual dynamo action of the electric starter mechanism. its the speed of the automobile engine increases, and with it that of the shaft 11, so that there would be danger to the armatures, etc., of the starter fromv the centrifugal force of a too rapid rotation, the centrif ugal. friction-clutches 50 are thrown outward into their operative position by the rapid rotation, engaged as they are by the radial arms 19, and now carry the disk with the shaft 11, thus driving the starter-shaft 13 together with and no faster than the motion of the shaft 11. It will thus be seen that the speed of the starter shaft 13 as driven by the gasolene engine may be automatically regulated to a rate below the danger speed of the starter mechanism.

Not confining myself to details of construction shown or described, I claim 1. In a starter for intermil-combustion engines, a starter shaft, a second shaft adapted to crank the engine and to be driven thereby, a disk rotatable relatively to said shafts and a pawl adapted to hold it against rotation in the direction opposite to the cranking rotation of the second shaft, centrifugally-operating clutches adapted to drive the disk by the second shaft, speed-reducing gearing adapted to rotate by the starter shaft, the second shaft through the disk.

In a starter for internal-combustion engines, a starter shaft, a second shaft adapted to crank the engine and to be driven thereby, a disk rotatable relatively to said shafts and having a concentric rib, a pawl having oppositely-disposed severally-pivotally mounted shoes adapted to hold the disk against rotation in the direction opposite to the cranking rotation of the second shaft and having frictional holding surfaces adapted to engage at arcuate distances apart respectively the inner and outer sides of the rib, and speed-reducing gearing adapted to rotate by the starter shaft, the second shaft through the disk.

3. In a starter for internal-combustion engines, a starter shaft, a second shaft adapted to crank the engine and to be driven thereby, a disk rotatable relatively to said shafts and havin concentric rib, a pawl adapted to hold the disk against rotation in the direction opposite to the cranking rotation of the second shaft and having frictional holding surfaces adapted to engage at arcuate distances apart respectively the inner and outer sides of the rib, centrifugally-operating clutches adapted to drive the disk by the second shaft, and speed-reducing gearing adapted to rotate by the starter shaft, the second shaftthrough the disk.

f. A rotatable member having inner and outer concentric surfaces, and an automatically operating pawl pivoted to a link pivotally carried by a second member, relatively to which the rotatable member is movable, and having oppositely-disposed severallypivotally mounted. shoes with fricti ma holding surfaces adapted to engage respectively the inner and outer surfaces of the rotatable member at points on different radii.

A rotatable member having inner and outer concentric surfaces, and an automatically operating pawl having oppositely-disposed severally-pivotally mounted shoes with frictional holding surfaces adapted to engage respectively the rotatable memhers inner and outer surfaces at points on different radii, and so carried on a second member, relatively to which the rotatable member is movable, thatthe direction of stress on the point of the pawls contact with the second member when the pawl is operatively engaged, is inclined to the are passing through said point and centering at said axis.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of subscribing witnesses JOHN R. IVARREIT.

WVitnesses:

HARoLD B. lVooncooit, CrRUs W. RICE, MARION A. THOMPSON.

Copies of this. patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G. 

